The tendon (or tendons) are a strong band of fibrous connective tissue, which usually connects the muscles with the bone and can withstand tension. The tendons are similar to ligaments, except that the ligaments attach one bone to the other.

The pH test looks at how much acid or alkali is human urine. According to the American Association of Clinical Chemistry, the average urine pH value is 6.0 but may range from 4.5 to 8.0. Urine below 5.0 is acidic, and urine more than 8.0 – alkaline or basic.

Compared to mineral water and to whatever surface it comes in contact, distilled water tries to pull minerals to maintain a balance.

Mary Mallon had worked in many domestic positions for affluent families before becoming a cook. She was a healthy carrier of Salmonella typhi who spread the disease, as many were infected due to her refusal of being ill. At least three deaths were attributed to her, but the exact number is not known, but it is estimated that she may have caused more than 50 fatalities. She was arrested and quarantined in 1907 and spent the last 24 years and seven months of her life in medical isolation at Riverside Hospital on North Brother Island.

In the anatomy of the shoulder blade (plural blade or shoulder blade), also known as shoulder bone, bone of the wings or bone of the shoulder blade, is a bone that connects the shoulder bone (hand bone) to the collarbone (collarbone).

The heart of an average adult has a size about a fist and weighs about 310 grams. The heart is relatively small (no more than a compressed fist) muscular organ, hollow and muscular, charged with pumping blood throughout the body and other organs.

Cells throughout their life cycle start to lose connections with other cells, and then our immune system works out to kill those cells. This is known as “apoptosis” from a Greek word meaning “falling off,” as leaves from a tree.

During the plague epidemic in the 14th century, ships arriving in Venice from infected ports were instructed to sit at anchor for 40 days before landing. This practice, called quarantine, was derived from the Italian words Quaranta Giorni which mean 40 days. Quarantine is the separation of a person or a group of people who although do not have symptoms of illness may have been exposed to a transmissible disease, from other people to prevent the spread of disease. The concept of quarantine is introduced by Avicenna (the European name for Abu ‘Ali al-Husayn ibn Sina) a significant Persian polymath who helped to elucidate the contagious nature of infectious diseases.

Hypothalamus is the part of the brain which controls things like thirst, hunger, body temperature, and the release of many hormones.

The ABO human blood groups were discovered by the Austrian American biologist Karl Landsteiner in 1901.